Supralaryngeal muscle activity during sustained vibrato in four sopranos: surface EMG findings - PubMed

Four classically trained sopranos, aged 22-41 years, sustained a vibrato at a comfortable loudness level, and at different vowels (/u/, /i/, or /a/) and pitch levels (220, 277, 349, 440, 554, 698, or 880 Hz). Pairs of surface electrodes were placed on each singer's right side over the submandibular…